“水錘效(xiao)應”(
“水錘效應(ying)”,也就是(shi)正水錘。
It refers to that when the open valve is suddenly closed, due to the inertia of pressure water flow, water flow shock wave is generated and destructive effect is generated. This is the "water hammer effect" in hydraulics, that is, positive water hammer.
相反,關閉的(de)閥門在突然(ran)打開後,也會(hui)産生水錘,叫(jiào)負水錘,也有(yǒu)一定的破壞(huài)力,但沒有前(qián)者大。
The water hammer effect is like a rear end collision. The front car suddenly stopped because the rear car was not found in time, resulting in a series of rear end accidents and serious damage to the front car. The water hammer effect is similar to this.

通常,在(zai)閥門接近關(guan)閉時閉合元(yuan)件突然吸入(ru)閥座👈,稱為溶(rong)缸閉🔞鎖效應(yīng)。
溶缸閉(bì)鎖效應是由(you)低推力執行(hang)機構所造成(cheng)的,該執行機(jī)構沒有足夠(gou)的推力以保(bǎo)持在接近閥(fa)座的位置,導(dǎo)緻♉泵的突然(rán)㊙️關閉或閥門(mén)的突然關閉(bi),從而産生水(shui)錘效應。對于(yu)控制閥,在某(mou)些情況下,快(kuài)開型流量特(tè)性的閥門也(ye)♊能導緻水錘(chuí)效應。
Usually, when the valve is close to closing, the closing element suddenly sucks into the valve seat, which is called the cylinder locking effect.
雖(suī)然水錘産生(shēng)很大的噪音(yīn),但真正的損(sǔn)害是由機械(xiè)失效造成的(de)。因為由動能(neng)急劇地變化(huà)成靜态的管(guǎn)線🧑🏽🤝🧑🏻壓力,水錘(chuí)會沖破管線(xiàn)或損傷管子(zi)支架和損害(hai)管線接頭。對(duì)于閥門,水錘(chuí)能㊙️夠通過閥(fá)芯産生嚴重(zhong)振動,它可能(neng)導緻閥芯、墊(niàn)片或填料的(de)失效。

防止系(xì)統任何突然(rán)的壓力變化(hua)。
This includes slowing down the closing speed of the valve itself or providing a greater degree of tension and rigidity when the closing element approaches the valve seat. In order to prevent pressure fluctuation, the valve shall be closed at a uniform change speed. In some cases, when the quick open feature is used, it can be required to change to the equal percentage feature. For the control valve that must be throttled when approaching the valve seat, an actuator with sufficient output thrust, such as piston pneumatic actuator or hydraulic actuator, or a special notch shall be set on the stroke sleeve of the manually rotating operator, which will reduce or prevent the cylinder locking effect. Setting some type of anti fluctuation measures on the pipeline system can also reduce water hammer. This can be done using a pressure relief valve or a buffer drum. In addition, gas can be injected into the system, which can reduce the density of the fluid and provide some compressibility to deal with any sudden fluctuations.
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